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中國大百科全書法學卷中若干譯名商榷
Date:2009-3-24
《中國大百科全書法學卷》的有關條目多附英語(譯)名,其方便讀者之用心至善。美中不足的是所附英語(譯)名,頗有失之片面、疏漏乃至舛誤者。為引起讀者注意并供編者參考更正,特例示如下,以便共同商榷(先列漢語詞語,次列該書原有英語(譯)名(斜線前),第三欄(斜線后)則為筆者建議的英語(譯)名):
自首 voluntary surrander / voluntary surrender
《侵犯人權法》Offences against the Person Act / …Against…
《禁止強迫勞動公約》Convention concerning Forced or Compulsory Labour / …Concerning…
自由法學派 free—law school of law /free—law school (Freirechtslehre)
《統一商法典》Uniform Commercial Code / UCC
舉證責任 burden of proof /onus probandi
主犯 principal offender / principal
補償貿易 compensatory trade / compensation trade
租界 concession / settlement
大陸法系 continental law system / civil law system
準據法 applicable law , lex causae / proper law
法律行為 juristic act / act in the law , transaction
一事不再理non bis in idem /res adjudicata , res judicata
反訴 cross action / cross—claim , cross demand , cross—complaint, counter—claim
法人 legal person / artificial person, body corporate, corporate body, corporation, juristic person
法醫學 medical jurisprudence / forensic medicine
基本建設法 building law / Capital Construction Act
職工參加企業管理 participation of workers to businesslike management / …of employees in business management
訴訟費用 expense in litigation / costs
法醫學鑒定 medical—legal expertise / forensic—medical expertise
法醫學物證檢驗 Forensic—medical examination of material evidence / …of physical…
同一認定 establishing identity / identification
執行措施 executive measure / execution…
包辦婚姻 marriage upon arbitrary decision by a third party / arranged marriage
正當防衛legitimate defense / self—defense (defence)
有期徒刑 penal servitude for a fixed term / imprisonment
語云:荷馬也有打瞌睡的時候;《大百科全書》(包括其法學卷在內)自然也不是什么赤足的純金,自然也要打瞌睡,請大家諒解。
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